International Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Terrorism - Essay Example From this paper, it is clear that the first considered anarchist of his time was Pierre-Joseph Proudhon who went against the appropriateness of a central government calling for its abolition to be replaced by a system of autonomous groups and communities which was virtually governed by contract and mutual interest in place of laws. Mikhail Bakunin believed that only thru destruction can a society with a collective ownership of the means of production be created. The violent nature of anarchists saw its beginnings in Errico Malatesta’s theory that only thru the propaganda by deed can socialist principles are achieved. Thus began the murders of President Sadi Carnot of France (1894), Antonio Cà ¡novas del Castillo, the prime minister of Spain (1897), Empress Elizabeth of Austria (1898), King Umberto of Italy (1900), President William McKinley of the United States (1901) and Josà © Canalejas y Mà ©ndez, another Spanish prime minister (1912). August Spies wrote in 1886 that â⠂¬Å"A pound of dynamite is worth a bushel of bullets† and soon enough seven policemen were killed by a bomb thrown at them while dispersing a strike. France had its Restaurant Và ©ry dynamited in 1892. This paper makes a conclusion that as many writers would attest, their ideas only gain prominence thru publicity and the more they get exposed to the public, the more they will be discussed. And in addition, this presents a problem to the authorities especially now that information can be disseminated by just surfing the internet.... (Wikipedia, 2007) The problem with the definitions by these scholars and the institutions as well is that who determines who the terrorist are. For the government, any act that uses force to pursue a goal can be called a 'defense' act and the violence associated with it can be much more massive than what a suicide bomber can do. If we consider the actions taken, for example, by the CIA to topple governments such as that of Fidel Castro's Cuba, we see that it was not considered as a terrorist act but a matter of pursuing national security. However, in the definitions that these people offer, these acts uses deliberate force and violence to achieve a political goal. The arguments surrounding the definition of what is a terrorist is best summed up by the popular saying, "One man's terrorist may be another man's freedom fighter." 2.0 Justifications of Terrorists In the popular media, we are bombarded with pictures of men, women and even children tagged as terrorists. If we take a closer look, however, we notice that these people are actually ordinary people who we may have met in a public place. What concerns us now and to most people is to know what drives them to blow up themselves and take as many people's lives with them. We have mentioned that one's man's terrorist may be another man's freedom fighter. In this context, we find that most people give up their lives and kill people in the process in the belief that they are doing so as a service to their cause. Some organizations tagged as terrorist groups take on a religious color blended with political goals. According to the United States Department of State, the most prominent of these are Muslim organizations such as Islamic Jihad

The throne of Saudi Arabia Essay Example for Free

The throne of Saudi Arabia Essay The throne of Saudi Arabia fell vacant in 1982, following Khalid bin Abdul Aziz’s assassination in 1982. King Fahd took the reins and was the King of the Saudi kingdom until death in 2005. His half-brother, Abdullah officially came to power the same year, although he has been ruling the country since Fahd’s incapacitating stroke in 1996. Average lifespan of a Saudi ruler is approximately 78 years. The present ruler King Abdullah is the eldest, while King Khalid was the youngest. Women have never ruled Saudi Arabia; all of the Kings of Saudi Arabia have been sons of King Abd al-Aziz Al Saud, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia. Inheritance has been the common way of ascendance to power, while natural death particularly due to heart attack has been the reason for leaders’ fall from power Algeria Chadli Bendjedid, President (Feb 9 1979 Jan 11 1992) Mohamed Boudiaf, Chairman of the High Council of State (Jan 14 1992 June 29 1992) Ali Kafi, Chairman of the High Council of State (June 29 1992 to Jan 31 1994) Liamine Zeroual, Head of State (Jan 31 1994 Apr 27 1999) Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President (Since Apr 27 1999) Algeria in the 1980s was under the one-party rule of President Chadli Bendjedid. Opposition from religious parties forced the country’s first multi-party elections in 1991. The military intervened to stop religious political parties from ruling the country and Mohamed Boudiaf was appointed the Chairman of the High Council of State in 1992. Following his assassination, Ali Kafi became his successor in the same year. In 1994, Liamine Zeroual took over as the Head of state and was in power till 1999. Civil unrest led to the Algerian Civil War followed by a military-backed government to ascend into power in 1999. Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been the President of Algeria since 1999. The average age of Algerian leaders is about 68 years, while Boudiaf was the eldest leader being 73 years when he died. Libya Muammar Muhammad al-Gaddafi, Military Colonel (Since 2 Mar 1979) The power in Libya is controlled by Colonel Al-Gaddafi, the leader of the Revolutionary Command Council as well as the unconstitutional head of state. He established the General Peoples Congress (GPC) to reform the political system, thereby vesting only theoretical control and retaining absolute control over Libya (El Fathaly and Palmer 529). Al-Gaddafi is now 68 years old and his rose to power through a revolution governed by Islamic socialism. Egypt Mohamed Hosni Mubarak, President (Since 14 October 1981) The Republic of Egypt follows a multi-party presidential system. Mubarak has been elected as the President for the past five times in elections since 1981, since Egypt has conventionally practiced single-candidate elections. He is now 53 years old and has promised to reform the country’s election laws for the next election. Jordan Hussein bin Talal, King (11 Aug 1952 – 7 Feb 1999) Abdullah bin al Hussein, King (Since 7 Feb 1999) Abdullah bin al Hussein inherited the throne of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1999, following the death of his father Hussein bin Talal. Abdullah is now 46 years of age, while his father was 64 years old when he passed away. Syria Hafez al-Assad, President (13 Nov March 1970- 10 June 2000) Bashar al-Assad (Since 10 July 2000) Hafez al-Assad was actually the Defense Minister in the Baath Regime. After the Black September incident, his popularity rose and he claimed power through a military coup to become president. He ruled Syria for 30 straight years until his death; Hafez was 70 years old when he died. The minimum age in the constitution was amended to facilitate his son Bashar becoming the next President. Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah (30 Nov1987 – 16 Apr 1992) Abdul Rahim Hatef (16 Apr 1992 – 28 Apr 1992) Sibghatullah Mojaddedi (28 Apr 1992 – 28 June 1992) Burhanuddin Rabbani (28 June 1992 – 27 Sep 1996) Mohammed Omar, Islamic Emirate President (27 Sept 1996 – 13 Nov 2001) Burhanuddin Rabbani, Islamic Transitional State President (27 Sep 1996 – 22 Dec 2001) Hamid Karzai, Islamic Transitional State Chairman and President (22 Dec 2001 – 7 Dec 2004) Hamid Karzai, Islamic Republic President (Since Dec 2004) Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989 caused them to back up former Afghan spy Najibullah as the President. However, after the breakup of USSR and withdrawal of support, the Taliban gradually rose to power and enforced religious fundamentalist rule. Following the World Trade Center bombing, America invaded Afghanistan and power was transferred back to the Mujahideen led by Rabbani. Elections were held in 2002 and Karzai was elected President. Iraq Saddam Hussein, President (1979 2003) Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, Interim President (9 April 2003 – 28 June 2004) Jalal Talabani (Since 6 April 2005) Saddam ascended to power by either arresting or murdering his rival leaders. He was 66 years old when has captured. After that, the Coalition Provisional Authority nominated Ghazi as the interim president, after which Talabani was elected president. Iran Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Supreme Leader (3 Dec 1979 3 June 1989) Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader (Since 4 June 1989) The Islamic Republic of Iran was formed in 1979 following the Islamic revolution; Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, being highest ranking religious and political authority, became the Supreme Leader of Iran. Ruhollah Khomeini was 87 years old when he died, and Ali Khamenei was elected as the next Supreme by the Assembly of Experts. Israel Yitzhak Navon (19 April 1978 5 May 1983) Chaim Herzog (5 May 1983 13 May 1993) Ezer Weizman (13 May 1993 13 July 2000) Moshe Katsav (1 August 2000 1 July 2007) Shimon Peres (Since 15 July 2007) In Israel, the President is elected by either an absolute or simple majority in the parliament. Yitzhak Navon is now 84 years old and the oldest surviving Israeli President. Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh (22 May 1990) He has been the first President of unified Yemen since 1990 and is 60 years old now. Kuwait Emir Jaber III Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (31 Dec 1977 – 15 Jan 2006) Emir Saad I Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah (15 Jan 2006 – 24 Jan 2006) Emir Sabah IV Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (Since 29 Jan 2006) Lebanon Bachir Gemayel (23 August 1982 – 14 September 1982) Amine Gemayel (23 September 1982 – 22 September 1988) Prime Minister Michel Aoun (22 September 1988 – 13 October 1990) Prime Minister Selim al-Hoss (22 September 1988 – 5 November 1989) Rene Moawad (5 November – 22 November 1989) Elias Hrawi (24 November 1989 – 24 November 1998) Emile Lahoud (24 November 1998 – 23 November 2007) Fouad Siniora (Since 24 November 2007) Mauritania Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly, Head of State (June 1979 4 Jan 1980) Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Head of State (4 Jan 1980 to 12 Dec 1984) Maaouya Ould SidAhmed Taya, Head of State (12 Dec 1984 to 18 Apr 1992) Maaouya Ould SidAhmed Taya, Head of State (18 Apr 1992 to 3 Aug 2005) Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, Chairman (3 Aug 2005 to 19 Apr 2007) Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, President (Since 19 April 2007) UAE Sheikh Zayid ibn Sultan Al Nuhayyan (2 Dec 1971 2 Nov 2004) Sheikh Maktum ibn Rashid Al Maktum (2 Nov 2004 3 Nov 2004) Sheikh Khalifa ibn Zayid Al Nuhayyan (Since 3 Nov 2004) Sudan Gaafar Nimeiry, Head of State (25 May 1969 6 April 1985) Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab, Head of State (6 April 1985 6 May 1986) Ahmad al-Mirghani, Head of State (6 May 1986 30 June 1989) Omar al-Bashir, President (30 June 1989 16 Oct 1993) Tunisia Habib Bourguiba (25 July 1957 7 Nov 1987) Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (Since 7 Nov 1987) Turkey Kenan Evren (9 Nov 1982 – 9 Nov 1989) Turgut Ozal (9 Nov 1989 – 17 April 1993) Suleyman Demirel (16 May 1993 – 16 May 2000) Ahmet Necdet Sezer (16 May 2000 28 Aug 2007) Abdullah Gul (Since 28 Aug 2007) Morocco King Hassan II (1961–1999) King Mohammed VI (Since 1999) Oman Qaboos ibn Said (Since 23 July 1970) Pakistan Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (16 Sep 1978 17 Aug 1988) Ghulam Ishaq Khan (17 Aug 1988 -18 July 1993) Wasim Sajjad (18 July 1993 14 Nov 1993) Farooq Leghari (14 Nov 1993 2 Dec 1997) Wasim Sajjad (2 Dec 1997 1 Jan 1998) Muhammad Rafiq Tarar (1 Jan 1998 20 June 2001) Pervez Musharraf (Since 20 June 2001) The trend in rising to power in most of the countries mentioned above is through brute force, inheritance, revolution or religious fundamentalism. The concept of real democracy is seldom prevalent in these countries; people of these countries have very little control over their future. The leaders are usually old and past their physical and mental prime. Unlike the Western world, women are usually not considered for such higher positions. Works Cited Page El Fathaly, Omar, and Palmer, Monte. â€Å"Political Development and Social Change in Libya†. The American Political Science Review, Vol. 75, No. 2 (Jun. , 1981), pp. 529-530.

Family Education :: English Literature Essays

Family Education Thinking is really a strange thing. When I was a boy I was often long for having a kind of ability in air swimming here and there. It is like a free fish in water and this kind of feeling often appears in my dreams. Therefore I toughly believe I will have this capacity some day. When I grow up I get older. I also know the real person can ¡Ã‚ ¯t fly like a bird in the air. But class is over one day I suddenly consider I explain other persons ¡Ã‚ ¯ articles in discussing and talking in the evening. I seem to need writing .I express my minds with others. I say my words for my lovely and my favorite education. I consider for the lovely children and the children those need to be loved. So I have a kind of flying feeling little by little .It is like a fish and a bird in thinking world. It is joyful and free. I have a kind of feeling like committing a crime if I don ¡Ã‚ ¯t write some day. So I work hard all the time. One person will meet many things in his whole life. Some of them are lucky or unlucky. Some of them are high or low. But there are different results to different persons. Where a child don ¡Ã‚ ¯t have a good mind. There will be much unnecessary trouble on the front walking way. Even it is a regret. There is a child like this. She studies well. But she has self-willed tempers at home. She doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t like working and doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t care for the others. When some things aren ¡Ã‚ ¯t confidence with her wills she gets angry very much. She thinks she is always right. She doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t hear all other persons ¡Ã‚ ¯ words. Every spring we will have the whole school working here. Sometimes we plant trees. Sometimes we dig the garden ¡Ã‚ ¯s earth to be ready for planting flowers. So every class will prepare the techniques in advance. As she is a good student, the teacher master says to her  ¡Ã‚ °Tomorrow we will work, you bring a prong at first when the teacher arranges the techniques. The teacher can ¡Ã‚ ¯t complete his words and the student stands up and says she doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t bring a prong .The teacher can ¡Ã‚ ¯t consider the student will be like this. The teacher is very angry. This also concerned the teacher ¡Ã‚ ¯s respect. When the teacher talked about this thing with me he was still quite angry and knocked at the desk.

Sumptuous Cuisine Catering

Their plans for the ballroom show they want to offer their clients the option of having a meeting or party place outside of their business or home. They can give them many different options to fill their needs and wishes for their events. The company will provide many options for in house services and then will use subcontractors for the rest. Even though this is a ballroom they will be able to offer meetings or parties from small to large at any time of the day.This can be done due to their flexible menus they will be able to offer a variety of cuisine. This option will also put them above the competition that specializes In only one type of food. To keep this edge however they will have to keep up on new trends and watch their competition closely making sure that they stay one step ahead. The plans for this venture will reach out to a variety of past clients as well as open up a new market for them that will allow the client to not have to provide a place have their event.Reaching for the non-profit organizations that could utilize the location for their fund gassing functions will open more doors for people that go to them generally throw large functions or parties of their own. They are Joining forces with other companies that will allow them to expand their bookings through other party planning companies. This along with their plan to add their own sales staff should give the company a well rounded market. The sales forecast for the ballroom they are looking for it to rise considerable in the first year as the forecast Is for them to be able to sell due to Introductory specials.It is an aggressive one that could be hard to make If they cannot rent the space as they have projected. They have a well thought out Male Stone plan that seems to touch each section of getting the business going. The partners will be hands on with the start up to follow each function so that they can put their vision into place. With them doing this and hiring a minimal managerial staff until things take off this will help with costs. The hiring of an administrative assistant will give them the option to focus on this. A Marketing director will get them in place to be seen.Using a full time facilities manager will keep the building in check for the events. A chief and assistant cook will be added along with other cross trained staff. When looking at the capital that the company will have for startup it they seem to have a very tight budget and are allowing for the purchase, improvements, equipment and marketing however they do not have much to fall back on if things slow down the opening or business does not pick up right away. They do however plan to use the cash reserves from Sumptuous Cuisine to help In the first year.

The Building Of Brand (Nike)

This shoe placed Nikkei on the map, and after it came out, all other brands had to offer similarly shock-absorbent soles. In 1972, Phil Knight (Nines founder and current CEO), was able to convince several marathoners to wear Nikkei shoes during the Olympic trials in Eugene, Oregon, where the company started. Later, Nikkei ran a campaign saying that â€Å"Nines were worn by four of the top seven finishers†. Sponsorship had begun. In October 1 982, Nikkei aired its first three national television ads, during the broadcast of the New York City Marathon.They ran TV commercials cause back then it was so easy to target their audience: most of them would be watching the marathon. There were fewer channels and fewer media outputs. About Nikkei & Product Positioning Nikkei was named after the Greek goddess for ‘Victory'. Today, it dominates the global sports footwear market. The company started focusing on making running shoes, but over time they became associated with the athlet e subculture, which allowed them to expand into other areas. They learned they had to stay within the athletic category though -they tried selling everyday shoes and it didn't work out.Currently, it's the largest seller of athletic footwear and athletic apparel in the world, with over 700 stores worldwide, over 40,000 employees and generating more than $21 billion a year in sales. It's recognized everywhere by their trademark â€Å"swoosh† logo. History Brand Overview Nikkei advertising has become one of the most effective emotional branding examples in the marketing world today. They use the old technique of Heroism to inspire customer loyalty all over the world: the battle is between our lazy side and our healthy side. Our laziness is the villain, and we become the heroes.We all see the hero in ourselves, and therefore this message appeals to everyone on the planet. The brand strategy isn't to make you think you need Nikkei gear in order to succeed, but that you actually wa nt it because you succeed. The product is downplayed, and the ego of the customer is lifted up. The Product Dream We are all athletes. We are all heroes. We achieve great things. We win, every single battle. Garage Newell talks about a 5-step formula, that he claims is present in every Nikkei commercial, and it shows the hero overcoming great struggles. That's the promise: you are a winner, that's why you choose Nikkei.

Consejos para casarse como turista en Estados Unidos

Consejos para casarse como turista en Estados Unidos Si est en Estados Unidos como turista y est considerando la posibilidad de casarse y le asaltan las dudas sobre si puede hacerlo, la respuesta es que sà ­, es posible casarse con una visa de turista en Estados Unidos. Otra cosa muy distinta es poder quedarse legalmente en el paà ­s y conseguir la tarjeta de residencia por matrimonio. Si esto es lo que se pretende, es altamente recomendable leer con mxima atencià ³n este artà ­culo y evitar errores que pueden costar muy caro. En este artà ­culo se explica cules pueden ser los problemas para los extranjeros que entran a Estados Unidos con una visa de turista y se casan con un ciudadano americano. Asimismo, se hace referencia a las opciones legales para evitar problemas.  ¿Quià ©nes son turistas desde el punto de vista migratorio? Esta pregunta puede parecer una tonterà ­a, pero no lo es. Son turistas los que entraron con esa visa, pero tambià ©n  los espaà ±oles y los chilenos que viajan a Estados Unidos como turistas y sin visa, por formar parte del grupo de paà ­ses para los que rige el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados. En estos casos espaà ±oles y chilenos, en la mayorà ­a de los casos, solamente  tienen una autorizacià ³n electrà ³nica que se conoce como ESTA que les permite estar en el paà ­s por un mximo de 90 dà ­as, que jams se pueden extender.   Tanto los turistas con visa como los que sà ³lo tienen la ESTA pueden casarse en Estados Unidos.   Otra cosa distinta es que el matrimonio, à ºnicamente por sà ­ mismo, produzca efectos migratorios. Requerimientos civiles  para casarse y que el matrimonio tenga efectos migratorios Hay que cumplir con los requisitos del estado o, en su caso, el condado o municipalidad  en el que se celebra el matrimonio.   Destacar que en todos los estados de Estados Unidos asà ­ como en los territorios que componen la Commonwealth -como por ejemplo Puerto Rico-  es legal el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo. Por otra parte, en ninguno est permitido la bigamia, es decir, estar casado al mismo tiempo con ms de una persona. Asuntos y precauciones migratorias que deben tenerse en cuenta En teorà ­a, cuando un extranjero que est en Estados Unidos como turista y un ciudadano estadounidense contraen matrimonio, el cà ³nyuge extranjero deberà ­a salir del paà ­s antes de que expire su autorizacià ³n para quedarse legalmente. A continuacià ³n, si asà ­ lo desean, el ciudadano pedirà ­a a su cà ³nyuge mediante un procedimiento consular y mientras esperar fuera de los Estados Unidos a que llegue el  momento de la entrevista en el consulado y se obtenga la visa de inmigrante. Pero lo cierto es que en la prctica en muchos casos eso no ocurre asà ­ y el cà ³nyuge extranjero decide quedarse en los Estados Unidos mientras se tramita los papeles. Para evitar problemas migratorios muy serios es aconsejable tener en cuenta la siguiente informacià ³n: Primero: evitar problemas relacionados con la intencià ³n, o lo que en inglà ©s se conoce como intent.   Cuando persona que entra en Estados Unidos como turista debe tener necesariamente esa intencià ³n: pasear por el paà ­s y antes de que se le acabe la visa o el periodo de estancia legal debe regresar a su paà ­s. Y nunca debe ingresar al paà ­s con la intencià ³n de contraer matrimonio. Cosa muy distinta y que puede admitirse es que dos personas decidan en un instante casarse. Es decir, que cuando el extranjero llegà ³ a USA no tenà ­a esa idea pero el amor a veces es impulsivo y se puede cambiar de opinià ³n. Pero,  ¿cà ³mo evitar problemas y estar en condicià ³n de poder demostrar que la intencià ³n de casarse no existà ­a antes de entrar al paà ­s? Hasta hace poco, eso se garantizaba  siguiendo la regla 30/60 que una norma del Departamento de Estado que el USCIS solà ­a  aplicar en los casos de matrimonios entre extranjeros y ciudadanos americanos y que deberà ­a entenderse asà ­: Cuando se pedà ­a  un ajuste de estatus por matrimonio en los 30 dà ­as siguientes a la llegada del extranjero, se presumà ­a que se estaba actuando de mala fe. En otras palabras, que su intencià ³n fue siempre casarse y que, por lo tanto, no debà ­a concederse la peticià ³n de  ajuste de estatus. Cuando se solicitaba entre el dà ­a 31 y el 60 habà ­a y una fuerte sospecha de que puede haber habido una intencià ³n de contraer matrimonio desde el principio. En esos casos habà ­a que esperar un examen muy exhaustivo del matrimonio y de sus intenciones. Sin embargo, la cantidad de dà ­as ha cambiado recientemente con la Administracià ³n Trump. Segà ºn un comunicado del Departamento de Estado, se considerar salvo raras excepciones que los matrimonios con el objetivo de pedir un ajuste de estatus celebrados en los 90 dà ­as siguientes al ingreso a Estados Unidos son un fraude de ley. Y la consecuencia de ello es que no se aprobar el ajuste de estatus, no se renovar la visa, que podr ser cancelada, no se aprobar ningà ºn cambio de visa y, si el extranjero permanece en Estados Unidos, se convierte en elegible para la deportacià ³n. Este es un cambio importante y muy serio. Es importante entender que no importa que familiares y amigos no tuvieron problemas por este asunto en el pasado. Las reglas han cambiado y lo que importa es lo que se aplica en estos momentos. Segundo: tener claro el proceso de  residencia por matrimonio  y todos los requerimientos.  La tramitacià ³n costa bsicamente de dos partes. Por un lado la peticià ³n per se y por otra el ajuste de estatus. Pero antes de comenzar asegurarse de que se cumplen requerimientos bsicos como, por ejemplo, el de ingresos mà ­nimos para patrocinar. Tercero: es muy importante tener en cuenta que mientras dura este proceso, la estancia del cà ³nyuge extranjero probablemente se encuentre por varios meses no cubierta desde el punto de vista migratorio por una visa o por la ESTA. Es por ello que no se debe salir de Estados Unidos. Lo recomendable es permanecer dentro del paà ­s o bien hasta que reciba la tarjeta de residente o bien un permiso que se conoce como advance parole. Si sale antes o sin esa autorizacià ³n, se arriesga a que cuando quiera regresar se le prohà ­ba la entrada en la frontera de EEUU. Incluso es recomendable consultar con un abogado si conviene salir aà ºn teniendo el advance parole. Cuarto: tener muy claro que en este artà ­culo siempre se habla de matrimonio con un ciudadano americano y nunca del caso de una pareja conformada por extranjero turista y residente permanente. Y es que estos casos son muy diferentes ya que si el turista se queda sin la proteccià ³n legal de la visa o de la ESTA porque permanece en el paà ­s ms tiempo del permitido no va a poder ajustar su estatus y, por lo tanto, no va a poder obtener la residencia dentro de los Estados Unidos. Esta es una gran diferencia desde el punto de vista migratorio. Quinto: tener en cuenta que siempre se habla de turista que ingresà ³ con visa o con ESTA. Nada de lo que dice este artà ­culo aplica a los migrantes que llegaron a los Estados Unidos sin pasar por un control migratorio, es decir, aquellos que ingresaron ilegalmente por la frontera. Estas personas no pueden nunca ajustar su estatus por matrimonio. Sexto: no olvidar que los problemas pueden comenzar en el control migratorio. Es perfectamente posible que el oficial de Inmigracià ³n en la frontera de Estados Unidos (puerto, aeropuerto o frontera terrestre) prohà ­ba la entrada de un extranjero con una visa de turista cuando sospeche que su intencià ³n es venir al paà ­s para casarse. El oficial de Inmigracià ³n siempre tienen una pequeà ±a conversacià ³n con la persona que procesa (y se recomienda no mentir) y  puede llegar a la conclusià ³n de que viene a casarse. Adems, pueden abrir el equipaje y descubrir cosas sospechosas como el traje de novia, regalos, muchà ­simas maletas para un viaje en teorà ­a de sà ³lo un par de semanas, etc. En estos casos, Inmigracià ³n est en su derecho de prohibir la entrada del extranjero, por mucha visa que tenga. Y es que es muy importante entender que para obtener la aprobacià ³n de una visa no inmigrante, como es la de turista, o su renovacià ³n o la garantà ­a de ser admitido al llegar a un control migratorio de los Estados Unidos es necesario ser, en todo momento, elegible para la visa y admisible para ingresar a USA. Estas son  20 causas que convierten a una persona en inelegible  y estas son  22 que la convierten en inadmisible.  ¿Quà © pasa si migracià ³n  no aprueba el ajuste de estatus por matrimonio? Es muy raro que el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) niegue la aprobacià ³n del I-130, es decir, la parte inicial de la tramitacià ³n donde realmente lo à ºnico que se confirma es que el que pide es un ciudadano y est casado legalmente con la persona pedida. Nada ms. El problema surge en ajuste de estatus. Las razones pueden ser muy variadas. Por ejemplo, que se considere que se ingresà ³ a Estados Unidos con la intencià ³n de casarse. Eso puede ser considerado un fraude de ley, ya que implica una mentira cuando se solicità ³ la visa de turista o cuando se cumplimentà ³ la ESTA. Otro problema es cuando se considera que el matrimonio es falso y su à ºnica finalidad es que el cà ³nyuge extranjero obtenga asà ­ los papeles. Esto puede dar lugar a castigos legales, adems de no aprobarse la green card. Finalmente, puede negarse la tarjeta de residencia por cualquiera de estas ms de 40 razones que aplican a todos los casos de solicitudes de residencia. Demoras en la tramitacià ³n de los papeles Aunque las peticiones de green card por matrimonio con ciudadano se encuentran entre las ms rpidas, lo cierto es que pueden demorarse varios meses. Es posible aprender cà ³mo verificarlo. Opciones migratorias para pedir al novio o cà ³nyuge En primer lugar, si la pareja no est casada, el estadounidense puede solicitar una visa de prometido o de novia cuando à ©ste todavà ­a no est en los Estados Unidos y que es  conocida como K-1. Con esta visa podrn entrar al paà ­s los prometidos y los hijos de estos. En los casos en los que un ciudadano est casado con un extranjero y à ©ste est fuera de los Estados Unidos puede pedirlo mediante un I-130 y luego un procedimiento consular o, en casos muy especà ­ficos puede merecer la pena solicitar una visa K-3, pero es recomendable consultarlo con un abogado migratorio. Por à ºltimo, si el ciudadano vive fuera de los Estados Unidos y est casado con un extranjero y deciden mudarse a USA tener en cuenta que pueden surgir problemas a la hora de probar ingresos. Asesorarse antes de iniciar los trmites. Informacià ³n relevante para evitar problemas Para evitar problemas es fundamental estar informado. Este test sobre visas de turista contiene informacià ³n esencial sobre cà ³mo obtenerla y cà ³mo conservarla. Este otro, sobre la autorizacià ³n que se  conoce como ESTA para los ciudadanos de paà ­ses que pueden viajar sin visa. Asimismo, este sobre la tarjeta de residencia permite tener claros puntos fundamentales para obtenerla y para conservarla. Finalmente, tener en cuenta que la informacià ³n de este artà ­culo no aplica a los extranjeros que ingresan ilegalmente en Estados Unidos, ya que no podrà ­an ajustar su estatus por matrimonio con ciudadano. Y en el caso de matrimonio con residente permanente es siempre requisito imprescindible que se està © legalmente en el paà ­s para poder ajustar su estatus. No ser posible tanto si se entrà ³ ilegalmente como si se ingresà ³ con visa y se quedà ³ ms tiempo del permitido. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No constituye consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

The eNotes Blog Ten Writers Wrap UpChristmas

Ten Writers Wrap UpChristmas Christmas is a time when we all want to express just the right words about how much we love one another, to celebrate the year that was, and to anticipate and hope for the future. Here are ten sentiments by writers who may reflect what you are feeling during this holiday season. 1. In the late 1800s, poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote these words in his poem Christmas Bells: And in despair I bowed my head; There is no peace on earth, I said; For hate is strong, And mocks the song Of peace on earth, good-will to men! Then pealed the bells more loud and deep: God is not dead, nor doth He sleep; The Wrong shall fail, The Right prevail, With peace on earth, good-will to men. Sadly, our world is in more turmoil now than it was in Longfellows day, yet we all still hold on to the hope that one day, peace and love will eventually prevail. 2.   â€Å"Hey, great idea: if you have kids, give your partner reading vouchers next Christmas. Each voucher entitles the bearer to two hours reading time *while the kids are awake*. It might look like a cheapskate present, but parents will appreciate that it costs more in real terms than a Lamborghini.†Ã‚   ― Nick Hornby, The Polysyllabic Spree 3. A lovely thing about Christmas is that its compulsory, like a thunderstorm, and we all go through it together.   ~ Garrison Keillor 4.   Christmas to a child is the first terrible proof that to travel hopefully is better than to arrive.   ~ Stephen Fry 5. Maybe Christmas, the Grinch thought, doesnt come from a store.   ~ Dr. Seuss 6.   â€Å"One can never have enough socks, said Dumbledore. Another Christmas has come and gone and I didnt get a single pair. People will insist on giving me books.†Ã‚   ― J.K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone 7.   â€Å"One of the most glorious messes in the world is the mess created in the living room on Christmas day. Dont clean it up too quickly. ― Andy Rooney 8.   â€Å"He went to the church, and walked about the streets, and watched the people hurrying to and for, and patted the children on the head, and questioned beggars, and looked down into the kitchens of homes, and up to the windows, and found that everything could yield him pleasure. He had never dreamed of any walk, that anything, could give him so much happiness. † ― Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol 9. â€Å"Thanksgiving was nothing more than a pilgrim-created obstacle in the way of Christmas; a dead bird in the street that forced a brief detour.† ― Augusten Burroughs, You Better Not Cry: Stories for Christmas 10.   â€Å"Let the children have their night of fun and laughter. Let the gifts of Father Christmas delight their play. Let us grown-ups share to the full in their unstinted pleasures before we turn again to the stern task and the formidable years that lie before us, resolved that, by our sacrifice and daring, these same children shall not be robbed of their inheritance or denied their right to live in a free and decent world.   Winston Churchill, Christmas Eve Message, 1941